彩神彩票|(2023已更新(搜狗/知乎)
彩神彩票2023-01-31 16:05

中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

  中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄

  由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

  麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

  一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

  此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

  作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。

  美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

  这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。

  从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

  两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

  House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

  (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

  The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

  Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

  On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

  On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

  Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

  As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

  But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

  CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

  This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

  Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

  From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

  Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

  The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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口碑中现争议 动画作品《中国奇谭》引关注******

  中新社北京1月11日电 (记者 高凯)“这才是中国动画该有的样子”“真的惊艳,当年《大闹天宫》的上美(上海美术电影制片厂)终于又回来了”,播放量4天突破一千万,豆瓣评分9.6,近日,上海美术电影制片厂与哔哩哔哩网站联合推出的动画短片系列《中国奇谭》获得颇多赞誉。

  然而点赞声浪之后,一位家长10日在社交网络发布的对于该片的质疑贴激起另一番争论。

  这位家长在发文中称,动画片应该是给儿童看的,然而该片的一些桥段令自己的小孩受到惊吓。他指出,动画作品应该对少儿观众起到教育作用,然而目前播出的《中国奇谭》未能起到相关有益的影响。

  对此,很多网友表示不能认同,“没有人规定动画片就是给孩子看的,动画是一种艺术表现形式,不代表低龄和幼稚”,“《中国奇谭》里的故事不全是阳光的,但是孩子也不是生活在真空世界,如果选择看,那家长可以引导其理解里面最终的积极意义”,“《中国奇谭》无论制作和教育意义都达到了相当的水准,是国产动画进步的见证”……

  据了解,于2023年元旦开播的《中国奇谭》由於水、胡睿、杨木等十名导演,分别打造了8个根植于中国传统文化的独立故事,围绕“奇谭”两字做文章,囊括了手绘、三维、剪纸、定格等不同的动画技法。

  目前该片已经播出3集,第一集《小妖怪的夏天》是从小妖怪的角度重新想象了“西游记”的世界;其后的《鹅鹅鹅》脱胎于中国古代的志怪故事,讲述一位送货郎在送鹅的路上巧遇狐狸公子所经历的光怪陆离的一天;第三集《林林》则是一个关于东北兴安岭地区人与狼的故事。

  对于此番《中国奇谭》引发的赞誉,业内外观点相对一致,一方面,从目前已播作品来看,不同的故事虽然风格迥异,但均制作精良,达到了二维动画颇高的审美水准,很好地呈现了中国传统的美学风格;另一方面,片中各故事剧情和人物的文化含量和情感含量较为饱满,摆脱了好莱坞式动画或者日本动漫的影响,极大程度上满足了国人的情感期待。

  相较而言,对于“家长炮轰”批评者声众,但也有观点认为其后亦有值得反思之处。

  《中国奇谭》采取短篇集拼盘的表达组合,能让当下此间的动画在同一主题的引领下,展现更多类型的故事、更多风格,带领观众走进更多元的审美层面。但与此同时,全片的各个故事品类迥异,加之表现方式的差异,令得该系列的观众定位相对很难清晰。比如《小妖怪的夏天》比较通俗明快,而《鹅鹅鹅》明显更偏实验性和艺术性。

  对此有学者认为,“(《中国奇谭》)作为一个系列作品,在受众定位上的整体构思或可进一步加强。”(完)

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